COOLIE: A PORTRAIT OF THE UNDER–PRIVILEGED BY MULK RAJ ANAND

ABSTRACT

The central theme in Anand’s “coolie” is the exploitation of the poor and the under-privileged by the forces of capitalism, industrialism and colonialism. The term exploitation is not a new coined problem in the modern era but was founded by Karl Marx in Russia and later was comprehended by the whole universe. The paper will focus on suffering and exploitation of Munoo, who represent s all underprivileged Indians. He symbolises sufferings misery of the poor and exploited masses of India. Circumstantially, “coolie” is a sharp contrast to “Untouchable” because the former discuses social disparity due to economic disparity, the latter discuses social disparity causing other disparities.

FULL TEXT